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Abstract:

The article is the first to explore the specifics of the dacha theme in Soviet literature for children. It is noted that in general the image of a child’s dacha existence in children’s literature is traditionally distinguished by two features: a certain freedom and relative isolation from the adult world. These features give rise to two trends in depicting a child’s dacha existence: as an idyll, correlated with the chronotope of paradise, and as liberation from the framework of civilization. It turns out that in the 1930s – 1950s in the works of A.P. Gaidar, V.A. Oseev’s dacha space for a Soviet child is, first of all, associated with self-awareness within the framework of collective existence. One of the components in the depiction of the children’s dacha world in Soviet times is the motif of mystery, which was the first introduced by A.P. Gaidar into its characterization. Mystery not only increases interest in the story, but also allows you to create a background to the text. It is associated with the motif of misunderstanding between adults and children and the motif of the danger of the isolated existence of children. In the 1960s – 1970s we see a transformation of the image of the dacha world in works for children. On the one hand, it acquires a parodic character in A.G. Aleksin’s story “The Secret of the Old Dacha”, on the other hand, turns out to be more tightly connected with reflections on the internal contradictions of childhood in Yu.P. Vyazemsky’s “The Jester”.